摘要：【中文】一种主动换相型高压直流输电换流器，由第一主动换相换流器、第二主动换相换流器、第一变压器、第二变压器和直流滤波电感L_dc组成。通过控制第一主动换相换流器和第二主动换相换流器可关断器件开关时刻及导通时间，实现对三相电网电流控制。所述的主动换相型高压直流输电换流器不仅能够有效避免传统的基于晶闸管的电网换相换流器换相失败风险，还能够实现单位功率因数运行且三相电网侧电流不含有5次和7次谐波，减少了无功补偿装置容量，具有较高的可靠性和较好的经济性。 【EN】An active phase-change type high-voltage DC transmission converter is composed of the first and the second active phase-change converters, the first and the second transformers, and DC filter inductor L_dcAnd (4) forming. The control of the three-phase power grid current is realized by controlling the switching time and the conducting time of the turn-off devices of the first active phase-change converter and the second active phase-change converter. The active phase-change type high-voltage direct-current transmission converter can effectively avoid the phase-change failure risk of the traditional thyristor-based power grid phase-change converter, can also realize unit power factor operation, does not contain 5-order and 7-order harmonic waves in the side current of a three-phase power grid, reduces the capacity of a reactive power compensation device, and has high reliability and good economy.

摘要：【中文】一种气水沙蓄能电站，由上蓄沙库(14)、下蓄沙库(15)、上蓄水池(20)、下蓄水池(21)、发电机(26)、传送机组和泄沙管道(27)组成。上蓄沙库(14)位于气水沙蓄能电站的上部，下蓄沙库(15)、下蓄水池(21)和水泵(29)位于气水沙蓄能电站的下部；发电机(26)安装在上蓄沙库(14)和下蓄沙库(15)之间。上蓄沙库(14)由库体(16)、储气系统、供气给水系统和控沙阀门(23)组成。库体(16)上部为半圆柱体，下部为半圆锥体，轴向剖面为漏斗形状。本发明利用沙子重力势能和对沙子供气或给水，降低沙子粘滞阻力，形成气沙流或水沙流，通过气沙流或水沙流做功驱动发电机(26)发电，有余电时提沙、储气或蓄水。 【EN】An air-water-sand energy storage power station comprises an upper sand storage warehouse (14), a lower sand storage warehouse (15), an upper reservoir (20), a lower reservoir (21), a generator (26), a conveyor set and a sand discharge pipeline (27). The upper sand storage warehouse (14) is positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, and the lower sand storage warehouse (15), the lower reservoir (21) and the water pump (29) are positioned at the lower part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station; the generator (26) is installed between the upper sand storage (14) and the lower sand storage (15). The upper sand storage reservoir (14) consists of a reservoir body (16), a gas storage system, a gas and water supply system and a sand control valve (23). The upper part of the storehouse body (16) is a semi-cylinder, the lower part is a semi-cone, and the axial section is in a funnel shape. The invention utilizes the gravity potential energy of sand and supplies air or water to the sand to reduce the viscous resistance of the sand to form air-sand flow or water-sand flow, and the air-sand flow or the water-sand flow applies work to drive a generator (26) to generate electricity, and the sand is extracted, stored or stored when surplus electricity exists.

摘要：【中文】本发明属于脉冲发电领域，具体涉及了一种基于发电机集群和储能微网的脉冲电源系统及放电方法，旨在解决现有技术脉冲发电机剩余能量无法充分利用的问题。本发明方法包括：基于系统放电信号、参数将各脉冲发电机分别进行放电；对脉冲发电机进行分组，并将每一组的剩余能量转移至组中任一脉冲发电机；再次放电，并将具有可用剩余能量的脉冲发电机进行分组后，再次进行能量转移；迭代进行脉冲发电机组的放电，直至脉冲发电机转速降低到放电、发电指标均不满足要求。本发明利用作为充能电机可控整流在宽转速范围内可以恒压发电的特性，使剩余能量可以在脉冲发电机集群内部转移，从系统层面提高了惯性动能到脉冲电能的转换比例，提高了能量的利用率。 【EN】The invention belongs to the field of pulse power generation, particularly relates to a pulse power supply system based on a generator cluster and an energy storage micro-grid and a discharging method, and aims to solve the problem that residual energy of a pulse generator in the prior art cannot be fully utilized. The method comprises the following steps: respectively discharging each pulse generator based on the system discharge signal and the parameters; grouping the pulse generators, and transferring the residual energy of each group to any pulse generator in the group; discharging again, grouping the pulse generators with available residual energy, and then performing energy transfer again; and (4) discharging the pulse generator set in an iterative manner until the rotating speed of the pulse generator is reduced to the point that the discharging index and the power generation index do not meet the requirements. The invention utilizes the characteristic that the controllable rectification of the energy charging motor can generate electricity at constant voltage in a wide rotating speed range, so that the residual energy can be transferred in the pulse generator cluster, the conversion ratio of inertia kinetic energy to pulse electric energy is improved from the system level, and the utilization rate of the energy is improved.

摘要：【中文】本发明属于光伏发电技术领域，具体涉及一种具有功率平衡器的大型光伏直流串联升压并网系统，本发明系统包括N台光伏直流变换器、N‑1台功率平衡器，N≥2；各光伏直流变换器的输出端依次串联后接入直流电网，各光伏直流变换器的输入端分别与光伏发电单元的输出端连接；顺次串联设置的各光伏直流变换器中，相邻两台光伏直流变换器的输入端之间设置有功率平衡器；N‑1台功率平衡器分别与设定的N‑1台光伏直流变换器对应设置，用于对相应的光伏直流变换器的输入进行功率均衡，以消除各台光伏直流变换器输出电压的差异。本发明解决了由于系统中各光伏直流变换器输入功率不匹配导致的弃光与光伏直流变换器输出过电压问题，提高了系统发电量。 【EN】The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a large-scale photovoltaic direct-current series boosting grid-connected system with a power balancer, which comprises N photovoltaic direct-current converters and N-1 power balancers, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the output ends of the photovoltaic direct current converters are sequentially connected in series and then connected into a direct current power grid, and the input ends of the photovoltaic direct current converters are respectively connected with the output ends of the photovoltaic power generation units; in each photovoltaic direct-current converter sequentially connected in series, a power balancer is arranged between the input ends of two adjacent photovoltaic direct-current converters; the N-1 power balancers are respectively arranged corresponding to the set N-1 photovoltaic direct current converters and used for carrying out power balance on the input of the corresponding photovoltaic direct current converters so as to eliminate the difference of the output voltage of each photovoltaic direct current converter. The invention solves the problem of light abandon and photovoltaic direct current converter output overvoltage caused by the mismatching of the input power of each photovoltaic direct current converter in the system, and improves the system power generation amount.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及电力电子设备的冷却技术领域，具体涉及一种冷却装置及开关电源系统。本发明旨在解决现有的冷却装置存在的制造成本和运行成本较高、散热效率较低，以及存在安全隐患等问题。通过将发热器件全部或部分地浸入液态的相变换热工质中，相变换热工质吸收发热器件的热量相变成气体，气体与壳体表面或散热器件接触时冷凝放热相变成液体，如此循环，实现对发热器件的降温。本发明的结构和换热过程均较简单，使得制造成本和运行成本较低；相变换热工质汽化潜热高、系统换热环节少、相变换热工质相变速率会根据发热器件的发热程度不同而自动进行调整，从而提高了对发热器件的散热效率；且相变换热工质不导电，不会对冷却装置的安全性造成影响。 【EN】The invention relates to the technical field of cooling of power electronic equipment, in particular to a cooling device and a switching power supply system. The invention aims to solve the problems of higher manufacturing cost and operation cost, lower heat dissipation efficiency, potential safety hazard and the like of the conventional cooling device. The heating device is completely or partially immersed into the liquid phase-change heat exchange working medium, the phase-change heat exchange working medium absorbs heat of the heating device and changes into gas in a phase mode, the gas is condensed and releases heat when contacting with the surface of the shell or the heat dissipation device and changes into liquid in a phase mode, and the circulation is carried out in the way, so that the cooling of the heating device is realized. The structure and the heat exchange process of the invention are simple, so that the manufacturing cost and the operation cost are low; the phase-change heat exchange working medium has high latent heat of vaporization and few system heat exchange links, and the phase-change rate of the phase-change heat exchange working medium can be automatically adjusted according to different heating degrees of the heating device, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the heating device is improved; and the phase-change heat exchange working medium is not conductive, and the safety of the cooling device is not affected.

摘要：【中文】本发明提供一种等离子体反应器、反应装置及等离子体裂解重油制乙炔的方法，其中，裂解重油制备乙炔的方法包括以下步骤：将等离子体反应器中的空气排空，接通脉冲电源，待放电稳定后，将重油和工作气体通入等离子体反应器进行裂解，裂解产物经冷却、分离得到乙炔；通过采用脉冲电源驱动放电产生等离子体，利用其上升沿、下降沿和窄脉宽使等离子体能够在ns‑μs量级的时间内将反应器腔体内等离子体区域的气体加热到2000℃以上，并且在短时间维持后，温度也会快速下降，防止因温度持续过高造成乙炔缩聚、焦炭产量大以及乙炔收率低的问题，同时，对等离子体反应器绝缘材料的耐热和绝缘性能要求也较低。 【EN】The invention provides a plasma reactor, a reaction device and a method for preparing acetylene by cracking heavy oil with plasma, wherein the method for preparing acetylene by cracking heavy oil comprises the following steps: evacuating air in the plasma reactor, switching on a pulse power supply, introducing heavy oil and working gas into the plasma reactor for cracking after discharge is stable, and cooling and separating a cracking product to obtain acetylene; the plasma is generated by adopting a pulse power supply to drive discharge, the gas in the plasma area in the reactor cavity can be heated to more than 2000 ℃ within ns-mus order time by utilizing the rising edge, the falling edge and the narrow pulse width of the plasma, the temperature can also be rapidly reduced after the plasma is maintained for a short time, the problems of acetylene polycondensation, high coke yield and low acetylene yield caused by overhigh temperature duration are prevented, and meanwhile, the requirements on the heat resistance and the insulating property of the insulating material of the plasma reactor are lower.

摘要：【中文】本发明提供一种铁基超导前驱粉、其制备方法、铁基超导线带材，制备方法包括，1)在惰性气氛下，在温度为500～800℃、压力为1～20MPa条件下第一次热等静压处理制备铁基超导的原料粉末，处理时间为10～50小时，得到第一坯体；2)在惰性气氛下，粉碎所述第一坯体，然后在温度为550～650℃、压力为150～250MPa条件下进行第二次热等静压处理，处理时间为0.5～20小时，得到第二坯体；3)在惰性气氛下，粉碎所述第二坯体，得到前驱粉。该方法可以提高成相的反应程度，消除反应过程中的空洞和裂纹，大幅提高合成的铁基超前驱粉的相纯度。 【EN】The invention provides iron-based superconducting precursor powder, a preparation method thereof and an iron-based superconducting wire strip, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of 1) preparing iron-based superconducting raw material powder by first hot isostatic pressing treatment under the conditions of 500-800 ℃ of temperature and 1-20 MPa of pressure in an inert atmosphere, wherein the treatment time is 10-50 hours, and obtaining a first blank body; 2) crushing the first green body in an inert atmosphere, and then performing secondary hot isostatic pressing treatment at the temperature of 550-650 ℃ and the pressure of 150-250 MPa for 0.5-20 hours to obtain a second green body; 3) and crushing the second blank under the inert atmosphere to obtain precursor powder. The method can improve the reaction degree of the phase formation, eliminate holes and cracks in the reaction process and greatly improve the phase purity of the synthesized iron-based super precursor powder.

摘要：【中文】一种气沙蓄能电站供气控沙系统，由蓄沙库(10)、相变储热储气系统、供气系统、控沙阀门k_s、发电机(7)和监控系统组成。相变储热储气系统置于蓄沙库(10)中，位于控沙阀门k_s的上部，供气系统由下至上垂直安装蓄沙库(10)内；相变储热储气系统上进出气口(28’)通过安装在供气系统中的柱状供气阀门(9’)与柱状供气管道(9)连接。蓄沙库(10)、相变储热储气系统、供气系统、控沙阀门k_s、发电机(7)分别与监控系统连接。本发明依据沙子流化机理，采用气体克服沙子之间的粘滞阻力，利用相变储热储气系统吸热或放热实现供气稳定，通过对相变储热储气系统及供气系统的控制，使沙子的流化连续，实现气沙流做功驱动发电机发电。 【EN】A gas sand supply and control system of a gas sand energy storage power station comprises a sand storage warehouse (10), a phase change heat storage and gas storage system, a gas supply system and a sand control valve k_sThe power generator (7) and a monitoring system. The phase-change heat-storage gas-storage system is arranged in a sand-storage warehouse (10) and is positioned at a sand-control valve k_sThe air supply system is vertically arranged in the sand storage warehouse (10) from bottom to top; the upper air inlet and outlet (28 ') of the phase-change heat storage and air storage system is connected with a columnar air supply pipeline (9) through a columnar air supply valve (9') arranged in the air supply system. Sand storage warehouse (10), phase-change heat storage and gas storage system, gas supply system and sand control valve k_sAnd the generator (7) is respectively connected with the monitoring system. According to the sand fluidization mechanism, the viscous resistance between the sand is overcome by adopting gas, stable air supply is realized by utilizing the heat absorption or heat release of the phase-change heat storage and air storage system, the sand fluidization is continuous by controlling the phase-change heat storage and air storage system and the air supply system, and the air-sand flow is realized to work to drive the generator to generate electricity.

摘要：【中文】一种气水沙蓄能电站供气给水控沙系统，由蓄沙库(32)、蓄水池(23)和监控系统组成。蓄沙库(32)和蓄水池(23)位于气水沙蓄能电站的上部，蓄水池(23)依地质条件建在蓄沙库(32)的一侧，蓄水池(23)的底部高于蓄沙库(32)的顶部；蓄沙库(32)、蓄水池(23)分别与监控系统连接。蓄沙库(32)由库体、储气系统、供气给水系统、控沙阀门k_s和泄沙子管道(27)组成；储气系统置于蓄沙库(32)中，位于控沙阀门k_s的上部；供气给水系统由下至上垂直安装蓄沙库(32)内。本发明通过多层环形供气给水管道向沙子供气或给水，形成气沙流或水沙流，利用蓄沙库与发电机的高度差势能驱动发电机发电。 【EN】A gas and water supply sand control system for a gas and water sand storage power station comprises a sand storage warehouse (32), a water storage pool (23) and a monitoring system. The sand storage warehouse (32) and the water storage pool (23) are positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, the water storage pool (23) is built at one side of the sand storage warehouse (32) according to geological conditions, and the bottom of the water storage pool (23) is higher than the top of the sand storage warehouse (32); the sand storage warehouse (32) and the water storage tank (23) are respectively connected with the monitoring system. The sand storage reservoir (32) comprises a reservoir body, a gas storage system, a gas and water supply system and a sand control valve k_sAnd a sand drain pipe (27); the gas storage system is arranged in the sand storage warehouse (32) and is positioned at the sand control valve k_sAn upper portion of (a); the air supply and water supply system is vertically arranged in the sand storage warehouse (32) from bottom to top. The invention supplies the sand through the multi-layer annular gas and water supply pipelineAnd supplying air or water to form air-sand flow or water-sand flow, and driving the generator to generate electricity by utilizing the height difference potential energy of the sand storage warehouse and the generator.

摘要：【中文】一种水沙蓄能电站给水控沙系统，由蓄沙库(7)、蓄水池(16)、给水系统(8)、控水沙流阀门K_s、类水轮机(15)和监控系统组成。蓄水池(16)建在蓄沙库(7)的一侧，蓄水池(16)的底部高于给水系统(8)的柱状给水管道(4)。给水系统(8)由下至上垂直安装蓄沙库(7)内。控水沙流阀门K_s位于蓄沙库(7)的底部，通过管道与类水轮机(16)连接；蓄沙库(7)、上蓄水池(16)、给水系统(8)、控水沙流阀门K_s、类水轮机(15)分别与监控系统连接。本发明依据抽水蓄能原理和泥石流流动机理，通过对N层环形给水管道向沙子注入水，降低沙子粘滞阻力，形成水沙流。通过对控水沙流阀门K_s的控制，将水沙流势能驱动类似水轮机发电。 【EN】A water and sand control system for a water and sand energy storage power station comprises a sand storage warehouse (7), a reservoir (16), a water supply system (8) and a water and sand flow control valve K_sThe water turbine (15) and a monitoring system. The water reservoir (16) is built at one side of the sand storage warehouse (7), and the bottom of the water reservoir (16) is higher than the columnar water supply pipeline (4) of the water supply system (8). The water supply system (8) is vertically arranged in the sand storage warehouse (7) from bottom to top. Valve K for controlling water and sand flow_sThe water-saving device is positioned at the bottom of the sand storage warehouse (7) and is connected with a similar water turbine (16) through a pipeline; a sand storage warehouse (7), an upper reservoir (16), a water supply system (8) and a water and sand flow control valve K_sAnd the similar water turbine (15) is respectively connected with the monitoring system. The invention is based on the pumped storage principle and the debris flow flowing mechanism, and the N layers of annular water supply pipelines are connected in parallelAnd water is injected into the sand, so that the viscous resistance of the sand is reduced, and a water sand flow is formed. Through the valve K for controlling water and sand flow_sThe water and sand flow potential energy is driven to generate electricity like a water turbine.