摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种气凝胶复合纤维的制造方法与应用，其制备方法包括：(1)称取原料：气凝胶复合粉体、纤维基材、添加剂和溶剂；(2)将气凝胶复合粉体和添加剂放入溶剂中，在30‑300℃条件下不停搅拌，直至形成均匀的混合胶装料；(3)将纤维基材抽丝、放卷，并将所述混合胶装料复合在其上，待其干燥后，即可收卷并完成制作。本发明仅经过简单的步骤，即可完成二氧化硅气凝胶复合纤维的制作，该制作方法成本低、适用范围广；本发明结合了气凝胶良好的隔热性能以及纤维基材韧度高，耐磨性好的特性，使生产得到的气凝胶复合纤维耐热度高，导热系数最低达到0.013W/m.K，提高了成衣品质和保温性，是极好的纺织和衣物填充物材料。 【EN】The invention discloses a manufacturing method and application of aerogel composite fiber, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the following raw materials: aerogel composite powder, a fiber base material, an additive and a solvent; (2) placing the aerogel composite powder and the additive into a solvent, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 30-300 ℃ until uniform mixed gel is formed; (3) and (3) spinning and unreeling the fiber substrate, filling the mixed glue on the fiber substrate, and compounding the mixed glue on the fiber substrate, and rolling and finishing the manufacture after the mixed glue is dried. The preparation method can finish the preparation of the silicon dioxide aerogel composite fiber only by simple steps, and has low cost and wide application range; the aerogel composite fiber prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is high in heat resistance and heat conductivity coefficient reaching 0.013W/m.K at the lowest by combining the good heat insulation performance of the aerogel and the characteristics of high toughness and good wear resistance of the fiber substrate, so that the ready-made clothes quality and heat insulation performance are improved, and the aerogel composite fiber is an excellent textile and clothes filler material.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种气凝胶毡复合材料的生产工艺及应用，其制备方法为：(1)取原料：溶胶原料、纤维基材，连续混合进行溶胶复合；(2)溶胶复合体在定量的碱液作为催化剂作用下，连续混合形成固化为凝胶；(3)将凝胶再进行干燥，形成气凝胶毡；(4)将干燥的气凝胶毡、热熔胶、复合材料和辅料连续送入热熔涂布机进行复合；(5)将热涂后的气凝胶复合材料进行连续定型加工和包装，即完成制作。本发明增强了气凝胶粉在复合材料上的黏着力，提升气凝胶毡产品品质；通过多种材料复合，在原有的优良的隔热隔音基础上，进一步提升综合力学性能，可广泛应用于建筑装潢材料、热力管网材料、新能源汽车和家电领域。 【EN】The invention discloses a production process and application of an aerogel felt composite material, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) taking raw materials: continuously mixing sol raw materials and fiber base materials for sol compounding; (2) under the action of quantitative alkali liquor as a catalyst, continuously mixing the sol complex to form gel through curing; (3) drying the gel again to form an aerogel felt; (4) continuously feeding the dried aerogel felt, the hot melt adhesive, the composite material and the auxiliary material into a hot melt coating machine for compounding; (5) and (4) carrying out continuous shaping processing and packaging on the aerogel composite material subjected to hot coating, thus finishing the manufacture. The invention enhances the adhesive force of the aerogel powder on the composite material and improves the quality of aerogel felt products; through compounding of multiple materials, the comprehensive mechanical property is further improved on the basis of the original excellent heat insulation and sound insulation, and the composite material can be widely applied to the fields of building decoration materials, heat pipe network materials, new energy automobiles and household appliances.

摘要：【中文】一种烷氧基硅烷的制备方法，该方法以硅“废料”为原料，该原料包括精馏的液态高沸物和副产硅粉，所述精馏的液态高沸物主要由三氯氢硅、四氯化硅及其高聚物组成；当以精馏的液态高沸物作为原料时，直接将无水烷氧醇和精馏的液态高沸物加入反应器内发生反应；当以副产硅粉作为原料时，采用铜系催化剂与助剂形成新型的复合催化剂体系，将硅粉与复合催化剂进行预先处理，再将其混合物与无水烷氧醇均匀分散在悬浮剂内，在反应器内发生直接合成反应。该方法拓宽了硅“废料”的利用渠道，实现了硅“废料”的高附加值利用；另外，本发明还降低了烷氧醇的使用量、提高了硅“废料”的转化率、提高了产物的纯度和收率。 【EN】A method for preparing alkoxy silane takes silicon waste as raw materials, the raw materials comprise rectified liquid high-boiling-point substances and byproduct silicon powder, and the rectified liquid high-boiling-point substances mainly comprise trichlorosilane, silicon tetrachloride and high polymers thereof; when the rectified liquid high-boiling-point substance is taken as a raw material, the anhydrous alkoxy alcohol and the rectified liquid high-boiling-point substance are directly added into a reactor to react; when the byproduct silicon powder is used as a raw material, a novel composite catalyst system is formed by adopting a copper catalyst and an auxiliary agent, the silicon powder and the composite catalyst are pretreated, and then the mixture and anhydrous alkoxy alcohol are uniformly dispersed in a suspending agent to generate direct synthesis reaction in a reactor. The method widens the utilization channel of silicon waste and realizes the high value-added utilization of the silicon waste; in addition, the invention also reduces the use amount of the alkoxy alcohol, improves the conversion rate of silicon waste materials and improves the purity and the yield of products.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种气凝胶复合材料的制备方法，采用烷氧基硅烷为原料，将其水解形成溶胶，再向硅溶胶中加入阻燃剂、红外阻隔剂、基材后制备含有基材的二氧化硅湿凝胶；再经老化，并经过超临界干燥和常压干燥步骤制备获得二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料，水解副产的烷氧醇回收后，再循环用于制备烷氧基硅烷。采用本发明技术方案，制备方法简单，整体反应稳定，可控性强，投资成本低，生产周期短，且该工艺技术可实现连续化生产，对环境友好；所制备得到的二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的绝热性能、耐热性能优异，具有较高的加工性能。 【EN】The invention discloses a preparation method of an aerogel composite material, which comprises the steps of taking alkoxy silane as a raw material, hydrolyzing the alkoxy silane to form sol, adding a flame retardant, an infrared blocking agent and a base material into the silica sol, and preparing silica wet gel containing the base material; and aging, performing supercritical drying and normal-pressure drying to obtain the silicon dioxide aerogel composite material, and recycling alkoxy alcohol which is a hydrolysis byproduct for preparing alkoxy silane. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method is simple, the overall reaction is stable, the controllability is strong, the investment cost is low, the production period is short, and the process technology can realize continuous production and is environment-friendly; the prepared silicon dioxide aerogel composite material has excellent heat insulation performance and heat resistance and higher processing performance.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种高纯纳米晶硅的生产方法，1）将废硅料和/或副产硅粉，经预处理后得到10～50μm硅粉；2）将步骤1）中的硅粉按照固含量5～30 wt%的比例加入到分散液中，再加入1～10wt%的分散剂，在分散罐中搅拌，形成硅粉浆料；3）将步骤2）形成硅粉浆料抽至砂磨机进行研磨，得到平均粒径为20～30 nm纳米晶硅浆料；4）将步骤3）中得到的纳米晶硅浆料输送至喷雾干燥系统，获得纳米多孔晶硅颗粒。本发明实现低成本大规模生产，有效地控制纳米晶硅的稳定性、纯度和粒度，生产的纳米多孔晶硅颗粒形貌可调，其内部孔隙为纳米连通孔，有效地缓解硅的体积膨胀，也显著地提高硅负极的电学性能。 【EN】The invention discloses a production method of high-purity nanocrystalline silicon, which comprises the following steps of 1) pretreating waste silicon materials and/or byproduct silicon powder to obtain 10-50 mu m silicon powder; 2) adding the silicon powder obtained in the step 1) into the dispersion liquid according to the proportion of 5-30 wt% of solid content, adding 1-10 wt% of dispersing agent, and stirring in a dispersion tank to form silicon powder slurry; 3) pumping the silicon powder slurry formed in the step 2) to a sand mill for grinding to obtain nanocrystalline silicon slurry with the average particle size of 20-30 nm; 4) conveying the nanocrystalline silicon slurry obtained in the step 3) to a spray drying system to obtain the nanoporous crystalline silicon particles. The invention realizes low-cost large-scale production, effectively controls the stability, purity and granularity of the nano-crystalline silicon, ensures that the produced nano-porous crystalline silicon particles have adjustable shapes, has internal pores as nano communicating pores, effectively relieves the volume expansion of silicon and also obviously improves the electrical property of the silicon cathode.