摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种用于酸性氢析出反应的碳担载铂钴铑纳米棒状催化剂及其制备方法与应用，属于电催化剂技术领域。本发明通过溶剂热法并引入气体保护，制备得到均匀分散且直径较小的铂钴铑金属纳米棒状晶体，多次离心清洗以获得清洁表面，并最终得到低贵金属载量(10～20wt％)的电催化剂，所制备的担载型催化剂为铂钴铑纳米棒状晶体均匀分散在碳载体表面。本发明所得到的纳米晶体直径较小，尺寸均一性和分散性好，并具有较高的电化学活性比表面积和本征活性，较优异的电催化活性，适用于酸性水电解阴极氢析出反应。 【EN】The invention discloses a carbon-supported platinum-cobalt-rhodium nanorod catalyst for acidic hydrogen evolution reaction and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of electrocatalysts. According to the invention, a uniformly dispersed platinum-cobalt-rhodium metal nanorod crystal with a small diameter is prepared by a solvothermal method and introducing gas protection, a clean surface is obtained by multiple times of centrifugal cleaning, and finally the electrocatalyst with a low precious metal loading capacity (10-20 wt%) is obtained, and the prepared supported catalyst is formed by uniformly dispersing the platinum-cobalt-rhodium nanorod crystal on the surface of a carbon carrier. The nano crystal obtained by the invention has the advantages of small diameter, good size uniformity and dispersibility, higher electrochemical activity specific surface area and intrinsic activity, and excellent electro-catalytic activity, and is suitable for the hydrogen precipitation reaction of the acid water electrolysis cathode.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种卟啉沸石咪唑框架杂化电催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池技术领域。本发明所述制备方法包括如下步骤：1)将卟啉溶解于2‑甲基咪唑的水溶液中，得到溶液A，再将乙酸锌溶液加入到溶液A中，得到绿色沉淀，固液分离，干燥，研磨，得到绿色粉末；2)将步骤1)所得产品在惰性气体气氛下500‑900℃热处理2h，得到非贵金属电催化剂。本发明原料成本低廉，方法简单，耗时短，室温下反应即可，易于放大合成；环保，避免使用有机溶剂。 【EN】The invention relates to a porphyrin zeolite imidazole framework hybrid electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving porphyrin in an aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole to obtain a solution A, adding a zinc acetate solution into the solution A to obtain a green precipitate, performing solid-liquid separation, drying, and grinding to obtain green powder; 2) carrying out heat treatment on the product obtained in the step 1) at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ for 2h in the inert gas atmosphere to obtain the non-noble metal electrocatalyst. The method has the advantages of low cost of raw materials, simple method, short time consumption, reaction at room temperature and easy amplification synthesis; environmental protection and avoids the use of organic solvents.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种碳负载贵金属‑过渡金属氧化物复合电催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于质子交换膜燃料电池领域。本发明所述制备方法包括如下步骤：1)向氨基转移剂的乙醇溶液中依次加入贵金属盐溶液和过渡金属盐溶液，静置后加入烃类溶剂，澄清后再加水稀释，25‑80℃下使其发生相转移，在搅拌下加入还原剂，反应3‑5分钟，除去水相后加入碳载体，超声，固液分离；2)将步骤1)所得固体在酸溶液中酸洗，固液分离，在空气气氛下150‑400℃热处理30‑180min，干燥。本发明通过相转移法制备得到碳负载贵金属‑过渡金属氧化物电催化剂，该方法可以在常温下快速得到分散均匀且粒径均一的碳载金属纳米颗粒。 【EN】The invention relates to a carbon-supported noble metal-transition metal oxide composite electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) sequentially adding a noble metal salt solution and a transition metal salt solution into an ethanol solution of an amino transfer agent, standing, adding a hydrocarbon solvent, clarifying, adding water for diluting, performing phase transfer at 25-80 ℃, adding a reducing agent under stirring, reacting for 3-5 minutes, removing a water phase, adding a carbon carrier, performing ultrasonic treatment, and performing solid-liquid separation; 2) pickling the solid obtained in the step 1) in an acid solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 150-400 ℃ for 30-180min in an air atmosphere, and drying. The carbon-supported noble metal-transition metal oxide electrocatalyst is prepared by a phase transfer method, and the carbon-supported metal nanoparticles which are uniformly dispersed and have uniform particle size can be quickly obtained by the method at normal temperature.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种纳米杨桃状氧还原电催化剂及其制备方法与应用，属于聚合物膜燃料电池催化剂领域。将特定配比的氯化锆，苯甲酸，四羧基卟啉或卟吩在N,N二甲基甲酰胺溶液中混合反应，将得到的产品在惰性气体下高温热解得到纳米杨桃状氧还原电催化剂。本发明操作简单、易于控制，制备得到的纳米杨桃状电催化剂微观形貌均一，美观，具有很好的氧还原活性，可用于聚合物膜燃料电池。 【EN】The invention discloses a nano carambola-shaped oxygen reduction electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of polymer membrane fuel cell catalysts. Zirconium chloride, benzoic acid, tetracarboxyl porphyrin or porphin in a specific ratio are mixed and reacted in an N, N dimethylformamide solution, and the obtained product is pyrolyzed at high temperature under inert gas to obtain the nanometer carambola-shaped oxygen reduction electrocatalyst. The method is simple to operate and easy to control, and the prepared nano carambola-shaped electrocatalyst has uniform and attractive micro-morphology and good oxygen reduction activity, and can be used for polymer membrane fuel cells.

摘要：【中文】本发明属于金属电催化剂技术领域，涉及一种氮掺杂碳担载粒径均一的低铂金属球形纳米颗粒电催化剂的制备方法及应用。所述方法将铂金属盐、M金属盐、含氮配体分散于溶剂中，超声得到均一溶液；将此均一溶液置于水浴中，20～90℃搅拌；加入分散在溶剂中的碳载体，超声后在20～120℃搅拌蒸干溶剂，得到黑色混合物；烘干、研磨后，在惰性气氛中、200～1100℃条件下碳化0.1～3h；将惰性气体换成还原性气体，刻蚀附着在金属颗粒表面的沉淀物即得。本发明制备方法无需使用表面活性剂，所制备的氮掺杂碳担载粒径均一的低铂金属球形纳米颗粒电催化剂具有较高的电催化活性，适用于氢氧根交换膜燃料电池阳极氢氧化反应。 【EN】The invention belongs to the technical field of metal electrocatalysts, and relates to a preparation method and application of a nitrogen-doped carbon-supported low-platinum metal spherical nanoparticle electrocatalyst with uniform particle size. Dispersing platinum metal salt, M metal salt and a nitrogen-containing ligand in a solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform solution; placing the uniform solution in a water bath, and stirring at 20-90 ℃; adding a carbon carrier dispersed in a solvent, performing ultrasonic treatment, stirring at 20-120 ℃, and evaporating the solvent to dryness to obtain a black mixture; drying, grinding, and carbonizing for 0.1-3 h at 200-1100 ℃ in an inert atmosphere; and replacing the inert gas with a reducing gas, and etching the precipitate attached to the surface of the metal particles to obtain the metal particle. The preparation method does not need to use a surfactant, and the prepared nitrogen-doped carbon-supported low-platinum metal spherical nanoparticle electrocatalyst with uniform particle size has higher electrocatalytic activity and is suitable for the anode hydrogen oxidation reaction of a hydroxyl exchange membrane fuel cell.

摘要：【中文】本发明属于贵金属电催化剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种碳担载Pt/M异质结构纳米线电催化剂的制备方法及应用。将铂金属盐、过渡金属M盐以及表面活性剂分散于具有还原性的有机试剂中，超声后加入结构引导剂，再超声；一定气氛下，置换反应体系中的空气；提高温度并在某一温度维持1～5h；冷却后离心洗涤得到Pt/M异质结构纳米线，分散在溶液中待用；将碳载体分散于溶液中，超声后得到悬浊液；加入分散好的Pt/M异质结构纳米线，再超声；离心洗涤干燥即得。本发明通过调控有机试剂的还原性、控制反应气氛，调节表面活性剂，制备了高分散、高产率的Pt/M异质结构纳米线，适用于氢氧根交换膜燃料电池阳极的氢氧化反应。 【EN】The invention belongs to the technical field of noble metal electrocatalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a carbon-supported Pt/M heterostructure nano-wire electrocatalyst. Dispersing platinum metal salt, transition metal M salt and surfactant in organic reagent with reducibility, adding structure guiding agent after ultrasonic treatment, and then performing ultrasonic treatment; replacing air in the reaction system under a certain atmosphere; raising the temperature and maintaining the temperature for 1-5 h; cooling, centrifugally washing to obtain Pt/M heterostructure nanowires, and dispersing the Pt/M heterostructure nanowires in a solution for later use; dispersing a carbon carrier in the solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a suspension; adding the dispersed Pt/M heterostructure nano-wire, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment; centrifugally washing and drying to obtain the product. The invention prepares the Pt/M heterostructure nano wire with high dispersion and high yield by regulating the reducibility of the organic reagent, controlling the reaction atmosphere and regulating the surfactant, and is suitable for the hydrogen oxidation reaction of the anode of the hydroxyl exchange membrane fuel cell.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种Ce‑Zr双金属团簇MOF基氧还原电催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于质子交换膜燃料电池催化剂领域。将金属盐分散于溶剂中，加入有机酸和大环化合物，20‑40℃条件下超声10‑30min，于120‑150℃反应6‑12h，抽滤，洗涤至滤液为无色，烘干，高温热解碳化后得双金属团簇MOF基电催化剂。本发明操作简单、易于控制、环境友好，制备得到的双金属团簇MOF基电催化剂具有很高的氧还原活性，可用于质子交换膜燃料电池。 【EN】The invention discloses a Ce-Zr bimetallic cluster MOF-based oxygen reduction electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalysts. Dispersing metal salt in a solvent, adding organic acid and a macrocyclic compound, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-30min at 20-40 ℃, reacting for 6-12h at 120-150 ℃, carrying out suction filtration, washing until filtrate is colorless, drying, and carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis carbonization to obtain the bimetallic cluster MOF-based electrocatalyst. The method is simple to operate, easy to control and environment-friendly, and the prepared bimetallic cluster MOF-based electrocatalyst has high oxygen reduction activity and can be used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

摘要：【中文】本发明属于燃料电池电催化剂领域，提供了一种用作氧还原电催化剂的含有双金属大环化合物的多孔复合材料的制备方法及其应用。采用简单的溶液反应将过渡金属盐、含氮有机配体和金属大环化合物以一定的比例在0‑80℃下搅拌，反应一定时间，使得金属大环化合物嵌入到金属盐与有机配体形成的孔道之中，作为前驱体材料，再经过高温热处理得到最终的催化剂。该材料孔隙率较高，嵌入金属大环化合物，显著提高了活性位密度，避免了高温热解过程中的颗粒团聚以及孔的坍塌。与传统非贵金属电催化剂相比，该材料在酸性和碱性条件下均具有较高的氧还原催化活性。 【EN】The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell electrocatalysts, and provides a preparation method and application of a porous composite material containing a bimetallic macrocyclic compound and used as an oxygen reduction electrocatalyst. Stirring transition metal salt, a nitrogen-containing organic ligand and a metal macrocyclic compound according to a certain proportion at 0-80 ℃ by adopting a simple solution reaction, reacting for a certain time to enable the metal macrocyclic compound to be embedded into a pore channel formed by the metal salt and the organic ligand to be used as a precursor material, and carrying out high-temperature heat treatment to obtain the final catalyst. The material has high porosity, is embedded with metal macrocyclic compound, obviously improves the active site density, and avoids particle agglomeration and pore collapse in the high-temperature pyrolysis process. Compared with the traditional non-noble metal electrocatalyst, the material has higher oxygen reduction catalytic activity under both acidic and alkaline conditions.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种用于碱性氢析出反应碳担载的氧化镍修饰的超细铂铑纳米棒合金电催化剂及其制备方法与应用，属于碱性电解水氢析出技术领域。本发明以铂盐为铂源、钴盐为钴源、铑盐为铑源，通过在有机溶剂和结构引导剂的作用下还原生成氧化镍修饰的超细铂铑纳米棒。本发明通过控制反应温度、结构引导剂的种类和浓度、反应气氛达到对催化剂形貌和组分控制，探究得到有利于氧化镍修饰的超细铂铑纳米棒表现出最优异的氢析出活性的制备条件。本发明制备工艺流程简便，合成成本较低，有利于批量生产。本发明所制备的氧化镍修饰的超细铂铑纳米棒具有优异的氢析出性能，适用于碱性电解水氢析出反应。 【EN】The invention discloses a carbon-supported nickel oxide-modified ultrafine platinum-rhodium nanorod alloy electrocatalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen evolution. The invention takes platinum salt as a platinum source, cobalt salt as a cobalt source and rhodium salt as a rhodium source, and generates the nickel oxide modified superfine platinum rhodium nano rod by reduction under the action of an organic solvent and a structure guiding agent. The invention controls the appearance and components of the catalyst by controlling the reaction temperature, the type and concentration of the structure guiding agent and the reaction atmosphere, and researches the preparation conditions of the superfine platinum-rhodium nanorod beneficial to modification of nickel oxide and showing the most excellent hydrogen precipitation activity. The preparation process is simple and convenient, has low synthesis cost and is beneficial to batch production. The nickel oxide modified superfine platinum-rhodium nanorod prepared by the invention has excellent hydrogen precipitation performance and is suitable for hydrogen precipitation reaction of alkaline electrolyzed water.

摘要：本发明涉及一种禾秆粉碎成型设备，其包括车体，车体的前侧安装有支撑架，支撑架上转动安装有搂草架，搂草架的后侧设有禾秆聚拢旋叶，禾秆聚拢旋叶转动安装在支撑架上，禾秆聚拢旋叶的后侧设有提料筒，车体上固装有粉碎舱，提料筒的另一端与粉碎舱相连通，粉碎舱内安装有打碎架和粉碎架，打碎架位于粉碎架的前侧，粉碎舱的尾部安装有料仓，料仓与粉碎舱相连通，车体上安装有用于驱动搂草架、禾秆聚拢旋叶、打碎架和粉碎架转动的电机，车体的前侧安装连接牵引车辆的牵引钩。利用该设备可以为水泥‑禾秆固化土提供制备材料，秸秆颗粒可以在其中起到提高原位固化淤泥或者软土的强度的作用，方便施工机械顺利的进入场地开展后续作业。