摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种基于有机材料的光致变色碳纤维及其制备方法，其特征是将3,7‑双(二氨基)吩噻嗪‑5‑翁氯化物接枝乙烯基团，采用聚合与乳化的方法将接枝产物与乙烯基单体通过聚合和乳化制备为丙烯酸酯复合乳液，然后将此乳液涂覆在碳纤维表面，得到基于有机材料的光致变色碳纤维。本发明制备的光致变色碳纤维在光照射下，照射时间为5分钟，光致变色碳纤维由黑色变为蓝色。本发明的整个制备过程简单，对环境无污染，具有较好的应用推广前景。 【EN】The invention relates to photochromic carbon fiber based on an organic material and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that 3, 7-bis (diamino) phenothiazine-5-poly (phenylene vinylene) chloride is grafted with vinyl groups, a grafting product and a vinyl monomer are polymerized and emulsified by adopting a polymerization and emulsification method to prepare an acrylate composite emulsion, and then the emulsion is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber to obtain the photochromic carbon fiber based on the organic material. The photochromic carbon fiber prepared by the method is irradiated by light for 5 minutes, and the photochromic carbon fiber is changed from black to blue. The whole preparation process is simple, has no pollution to the environment, and has good application and popularization prospects.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种用于自行车刹车材料的凝胶纤维/橡胶复合材料及其制备方法。本发明先制备SiC溶胶和PbO溶胶，然后将聚碳酸酯和天然橡胶进行预处理，最后将SiC溶胶、PbO溶胶与预处理的聚碳酸酯、天然橡胶等进行复合制得凝胶纤维/橡胶复合材料。本发明制备的凝胶纤维/橡胶复合材料的磨损率小于采购的自行车刹车片的磨损率，其摩擦系数大于采购的自行车刹车片的摩擦系数，这说明本发明制备的凝胶纤维/橡胶复合材料相对于采购的自行车刹车片具有较好的耐磨性。 【EN】The invention relates to a gel fiber/rubber composite material for a bicycle brake material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing SiC sol and PbO sol, then pretreating polycarbonate and natural rubber, and finally compounding the SiC sol, the PbO sol, the pretreated polycarbonate, the natural rubber and the like to prepare the gel fiber/rubber composite material. The wear rate of the gel fiber/rubber composite material prepared by the invention is less than that of the purchased bicycle brake pad, and the friction coefficient of the gel fiber/rubber composite material is greater than that of the purchased bicycle brake pad, which shows that the gel fiber/rubber composite material prepared by the invention has better wear resistance compared with the purchased bicycle brake pad.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种用于汽车外壳的陶瓷纤维增强塑料及其制备方法。本发明以酚醛树脂纤维和四乙氧基硅烷为原料制备SiC陶瓷纤维；然后将石墨烯负载于SiC陶瓷纤维，制得石墨烯/SiC陶瓷纤维；将石墨烯/SiC陶瓷纤维浸润于SiC溶胶制得SiC增强石墨烯/SiC陶瓷纤维；将SiC增强石墨烯/SiC陶瓷纤维纺制为SiC增强石墨烯/SiC陶瓷纤维织物；最后，采用注塑方法将陶瓷纤维织物与聚碳酸酯复合制得用于汽车外壳的陶瓷纤维增强塑料。本发明中的陶瓷纤维可以提高聚碳酸酯的拉伸强度和冲击强度；此外，陶瓷纤维增强塑料的制备方法对环境无污染，有利于进一步推广和应用。 【EN】The invention relates to a ceramic fiber reinforced plastic for an automobile shell and a preparation method thereof. The invention takes phenolic resin fiber and tetraethoxysilane as raw materials to prepare SiC ceramic fiber; then loading graphene on SiC ceramic fibers to prepare graphene/SiC ceramic fibers; soaking the graphene/SiC ceramic fibers in the SiC sol to prepare SiC enhanced graphene/SiC ceramic fibers; spinning SiC enhanced graphene/SiC ceramic fibers into SiC enhanced graphene/SiC ceramic fiber fabrics; and finally, compounding the ceramic fiber fabric and polycarbonate by adopting an injection molding method to prepare the ceramic fiber reinforced plastic for the automobile shell. The ceramic fiber can improve the tensile strength and the impact strength of polycarbonate; in addition, the preparation method of the ceramic fiber reinforced plastic has no pollution to the environment, and is beneficial to further popularization and application.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种热隐形柔性材料及其制备方法。本发明以二甲基二氯硅烷、水溶性炭黑溶和正硅酸乙酯等为主要原料，首先制备SiC纺丝液先驱体，将SiC纺丝液先驱体纺丝、高温烧结制得SiC陶瓷纤维；SiC陶瓷纤维纺制为织物；然后将SiC陶瓷纤维织物浸润炭‑硅溶胶，高温烧结制得炭‑硅溶胶增强SiC陶瓷纤维织物；最后，将炭‑硅溶胶增强SiC陶瓷纤维织物表面涂覆BaTiO₃‑聚氨酯复合乳液涂层剂，制得热隐形柔性材料。本发明制备的热隐形柔性材料的远红外发射率只有0.32～0.38，其隐身非常好。本发明制备的热隐形柔性材料的原料来源广泛，应用前景广阔。 【EN】The invention relates to a thermal invisible flexible material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of taking dimethyl dichlorosilane, water-soluble carbon black solution, ethyl orthosilicate and the like as main raw materials, firstly preparing a SiC spinning solution precursor, spinning the SiC spinning solution precursor, and sintering at high temperature to prepare SiC ceramic fibers; spinning SiC ceramic fibers into fabrics; then infiltrating the SiC ceramic fiber fabric with carbon-silica sol, and sintering at high temperature to obtain the carbon-silica sol reinforced SiC ceramic fiber fabric; finally, coating BaTiO on the surface of the carbon-silica sol reinforced SiC ceramic fiber fabric₃Polyurethane composite emulsion coating agent to prepare the thermal invisible flexible material. The far infrared emissivity of the thermal invisible flexible material prepared by the invention is only 0.32-0.38, and the material is very good in invisibility. The thermal invisible flexible material prepared by the invention has wide raw material source and wide application prospect.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种用于建筑混凝土中的复合陶瓷纤维及其制备方法。本发明将SiO₂溶胶、Al₂O₃溶胶和SiC溶胶均匀混合制得混合溶胶，然后将混合溶胶纺丝制得凝胶纤维，对凝胶纤维进行高温焙烧制得复合陶瓷纤维。本发明比较了掺复合陶瓷纤维和PP纤维的水泥砂浆成品在3天、7天和28天的抗压强度，在28天时，掺加了复合陶瓷纤维的水泥砂浆成品的抗压强度明显高于掺有的PP纤维水泥砂浆成品。 【EN】The invention relates to a composite ceramic fiber used in building concrete and a preparation method thereof. The invention uses SiO₂Sol, Al₂O₃And uniformly mixing the sol and the SiC sol to prepare mixed sol, spinning the mixed sol to prepare gel fiber, and roasting the gel fiber at high temperature to prepare the composite ceramic fiber. The invention compares the compressive strength of the finished products of cement mortar doped with composite ceramic fiber and PP fiber in 3 days, 7 days and 28 days, and in 28 daysIn the process, the compressive strength of the finished product of the cement mortar doped with the composite ceramic fiber is obviously higher than that of the finished product of the cement mortar doped with the PP fiber.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种防滑防裂陶瓷纤维增强PVC片材地板及其制备方法。本发明以PVC颗粒为主要原料，先制备SiC先躯体聚合物，将其纺丝制备为聚合物纤维；其次，将聚合物纤维氧化、高温裂解，制得SiC陶瓷纤维，将SiC陶瓷纤维纺制为织物；然后，SiC陶瓷纤维织物与PVC颗粒复合，制得SiC陶瓷纤维增强PVC片材地板；最后，将SiC陶瓷纤维增强PVC片材地板防滑处理，制得防滑防裂陶瓷纤维增强PVC片材地板。本发明制备的防滑防裂陶瓷纤维增强PVC片材地板比市场采购的PVC片材地板的拉伸强度明显高，这表明本发明制备的PVC片材地板具有很好的强力性能，其可以有效防止PVC片材地板的开裂。 【EN】The invention relates to an anti-skid anti-cracking ceramic fiber reinforced PVC sheet floor and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method takes PVC particles as a main raw material, firstly prepares SiC precursor polymer, and prepares polymer fiber by spinning the SiC precursor polymer; secondly, oxidizing and pyrolyzing the polymer fibers at high temperature to prepare SiC ceramic fibers, and spinning the SiC ceramic fibers into fabrics; then compounding the SiC ceramic fiber fabric with PVC particles to prepare the SiC ceramic fiber reinforced PVC sheet floor; and finally, performing anti-skid treatment on the SiC ceramic fiber reinforced PVC sheet floor to obtain the anti-skid and anti-cracking ceramic fiber reinforced PVC sheet floor. The anti-skid and anti-cracking ceramic fiber reinforced PVC sheet floor prepared by the invention has obviously higher tensile strength than PVC sheet floors purchased in the market, which shows that the PVC sheet floor prepared by the invention has good strength performance and can effectively prevent the PVC sheet floor from cracking.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种自清洁防火墙布及其制备方法。该墙布以铝粉、甲酸、乙酸、氯化高汞等为原料，先制备Al₂O₃溶胶；将Al₂O₃溶胶进行纺丝，经过水洗、上油、烘干制得纤维丝线；然后将纤维丝线干燥制得凝胶纤维，将凝胶纤维在高温下烧结制得Al₂O₃陶瓷纤维；将Al₂O₃陶瓷纤维通过退解、并捻、整经、穿综、织布工艺制备Al₂O₃陶瓷纤维布；最后，将Al₂O₃陶瓷纤维布喷涂纳米自清洁涂料，制得自清洁防火墙布。本发明制备的自清洁防火墙布的基材为Al₂O₃陶瓷纤维布，其防火性能好；此外，其表面涂覆纳米自清洁涂料，其耐沾污性很强。本发明制备的自清洁防火墙布的原料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，具有很好的应用前景。 【EN】The invention relates to self-cleaning fireproof wall cloth and a preparation method thereof. The wall cloth takes aluminum powder, formic acid, acetic acid, mercuric chloride and the like as raw materials, and Al is prepared firstly₂O₃Sol; mixing Al₂O₃Spinning the sol, and washing, oiling and drying to obtain fiber yarns; drying the fiber thread to obtain gel fiber, and sintering the gel fiber at high temperature to obtain Al₂O₃Ceramic fibers; mixing Al₂O₃Preparing Al from ceramic fibers by processes of untwisting, cabling, warping, drafting and weaving₂O₃A ceramic fiber cloth; finally, Al is added₂O₃Ceramic fiber cloth is sprayed with nano self-cleaning coating to prepare the self-cleaning firewallAnd (3) cloth. The base material of the self-cleaning fireproof wall cloth prepared by the invention is Al₂O₃The ceramic fiber cloth has good fireproof performance; in addition, the surface of the nano self-cleaning coating is coated with the nano self-cleaning coating, and the nano self-cleaning coating has strong stain resistance. The self-cleaning fireproof wall cloth prepared by the invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple preparation process and good application prospect.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种建筑墙用隔音防火易洁膜材及其制备方法。本发明先制备硅溶胶和铝溶胶；分别将硅溶胶和铝溶胶进行纺丝，经过水洗、上油、烘干制得丝线；然后将丝线干燥制得凝胶纤维，将凝胶纤维高温烧结，分别制得SiO₂玻璃纤维和Al₂O₃玻璃纤维；将SiO₂玻璃纤维和Al₂O₃玻璃纤维加入玻璃纤维毡生产设备系统，制得SiO₂‑Al₂O₃复合玻璃纤维毡；其次，将SiO₂‑Al₂O₃复合玻璃纤维毡采用浸渍工艺涂覆含聚氯乙烯等的主体基材浆液；最后，对膜材进行易洁处理，制得建筑墙用隔音防火易洁膜材。本发明制备的膜材具有很好的阻燃性能和易洁性能；其原料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，具有很好的市场前景。 【EN】The invention relates to a sound-insulation fireproof easy-cleaning film material for a building wall and a preparation method thereof. Firstly, preparing silica sol and alumina sol; respectively spinning silica sol and alumina sol, and washing, oiling and drying to obtain silk threads; then drying the silk thread to prepare gel fiber, sintering the gel fiber at high temperature to respectively prepare SiO₂Glass fiber and Al₂O₃Glass fibers; mixing SiO₂Glass fiber and Al₂O₃Adding glass fiber into a glass fiber felt production equipment system to prepare SiO₂‑Al₂O₃CompoundingA glass fiber mat; secondly, SiO₂‑Al₂O₃Coating the composite glass fiber felt with a main substrate slurry containing polyvinyl chloride and the like by adopting a dipping process; and finally, carrying out easy-cleaning treatment on the film material to obtain the sound-insulation fireproof easy-cleaning film material for the building wall. The film material prepared by the invention has good flame retardant property and easy cleaning property; the raw materials have wide sources, the preparation process is simple, and the market prospect is good.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种吸热遮光防水防油防污窗帘布料及其制备方法。本发明先制备ZrO₂‑TiO₂溶胶；将ZrO₂‑TiO₂溶胶制得丝线；然后将丝线制得ZrO₂‑TiO₂凝胶纤维，将凝胶纤维在高温下烧结制得ZrO₂‑TiO₂玻璃纤维；将ZrO₂‑TiO₂玻璃纤维制得ZrO₂‑TiO₂玻璃纤维布；其次，将ZrO₂‑TiO₂玻璃纤维布喷涂太阳能吸热涂料，将喷涂处理的ZrO₂‑TiO₂玻璃纤维布浸润三防整理剂，制得吸热遮光防水防油防污窗帘布料。本发明中吸热遮光防水防油防污窗帘布料的隔热性能优和防水防油防污性能佳；其原料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，具有很好的应用推广前景。 【EN】The invention relates to a heat-absorbing shading waterproof oil-proof antifouling curtain fabric and a preparation method thereof. The invention firstly prepares ZrO₂‑TiO₂Sol; ZrO 2 is mixed with₂‑TiO₂Preparing silk threads by sol; the wire is then processed to form ZrO₂‑TiO₂Gel fiber, and sintering the gel fiber at high temperature to obtain ZrO₂‑TiO₂Glass fibers; ZrO 2 is mixed with₂‑TiO₂Preparation of ZrO from glass fibres₂‑TiO₂Glass fiber cloth; secondly, ZrO is oxidized₂‑TiO₂Glass fiber cloth spraying sunHeat-absorbing coating material, ZrO to be spray-treated₂‑TiO₂And soaking the glass fiber cloth with a three-proofing finishing agent to prepare the heat-absorbing, light-shading, waterproof, oilproof and antifouling curtain cloth. The heat-absorbing shading waterproof oil-proof antifouling curtain fabric has excellent heat-insulating property and excellent waterproof oil-proof antifouling property; the raw materials are wide in source, the preparation process is simple, and the application and popularization prospects are good.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种防电磁辐射蚕丝面料及其制备方法。本发明以二氯化镍、异丙醇和氨气等为原料，首先制得异丙醇镍，将异丙醇镍在酸催化剂的条件下制得NiO溶胶；将蚕丝面料采用涂胶方法涂覆NiO溶胶；然后干燥制得的防电磁辐射蚕丝面料。本发明制备的防电磁辐射蚕丝面料的屏蔽率范围均高于98％，其屏蔽效能范围分布在30～31dB；防电磁辐射蚕丝面料经过20次水洗，其屏蔽率和屏蔽效能仍表现较高的效率。 【EN】The invention relates to an anti-electromagnetic radiation silk fabric and a preparation method thereof. The method takes nickel dichloride, isopropanol, ammonia gas and the like as raw materials, firstly, nickel isopropoxide is prepared, and NiO sol is prepared from the nickel isopropoxide under the condition of an acid catalyst; coating NiO sol on the silk fabric by adopting a gluing method; and then drying the obtained anti-electromagnetic radiation silk fabric. The shielding rate range of the anti-electromagnetic radiation silk fabric prepared by the invention is higher than 98%, and the shielding effectiveness range is distributed in the range of 30-31 dB; after 20 times of water washing, the shielding rate and the shielding effectiveness of the anti-electromagnetic radiation silk fabric still show higher efficiency.