摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种草酸酯脱羰制备碳酸酯的方法，主要解决现有技术中反应条件苛刻、催化剂活性低、容易失活的问题。所述方法包括草酸酯与催化剂接触制备碳酸酯的步骤；所述催化剂以重量份数计，包括50～90份的聚苯乙烯树脂和10～50份的季鏻盐PR₁R₂R₃X，基于所述聚苯乙烯树脂和所述季鏻盐的总重量份数；其中，R₁、R₂和R₃分别为芳基或烷基C_aH_b，a＝2～10，b＝4～20；X为F、Cl、Br或I。 【EN】The invention relates to a method for preparing carbonic ester by decarbonylation of oxalate, which mainly solves the problems of harsh reaction conditions, low catalyst activity and easy inactivation in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of contacting oxalate with a catalyst to prepare carbonate; the catalyst comprises 50-90 parts by weight of polystyrene resin and 10-50 parts by weight of quaternary phosphonium salt PR₁R₂R₃X, based on the total parts by weight of the polystyrene resin and the quaternary phosphonium salt; wherein R is₁、R₂And R₃Are each aryl or alkyl C_aH_bA is 2-10, b is 4-20; x is F, Cl, Br or I.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种草酸酯制备碳酸酯的方法，主要解决现有技术中反应条件苛刻、催化剂活性低、容易失活的问题。所述方法包括草酸酯与催化剂接触制备碳酸酯的步骤；所述催化剂以重量份数计，包括70～90份的聚苯乙烯树脂和10～30份的咪唑盐C₃H₃N₂RX，基于所述聚苯乙烯树脂和所述咪唑盐的总重量份数；其中，R为烷基C_aH_b，a＝1～10，b＝3～20；X为F、Cl、Br或I。 【EN】The invention relates to a method for preparing carbonic ester by oxalate, which mainly solves the problems of harsh reaction conditions, low catalyst activity and easy inactivation in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of contacting oxalate with a catalyst to prepare carbonate; the catalyst comprises 70-90 parts by weight of polystyrene resin and 10-30 parts by weight of imidazolium salt C₃H₃N₂RX, based on the total parts by weight of the polystyrene resin and the imidazolium salt; wherein R is alkyl C_aH_bA is 1-10, b is 3-20; x is F, Cl, Br or I.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种草酸酯加氢生产乙二醇催化剂的还原方法。所述方法包括：在还原气体存在下，将催化剂于程序升温条件下进行还原反应；所述程序升温条件为：第一阶段：从第一温度以不大于20℃/小时的升温速率升温至第二温度，并于第二温度下恒温2～10小时；第二阶段：从第二温度以不大于5℃/小时的升温速率升温至第三温度，并于第三温度下恒温2～20小时；第三阶段：从第三温度以不大于10℃/小时的升温速率升温至第四温度，并于第四温度下恒温2～20小时；第四阶段：从第四温度以不大于20℃/小时的升温速率升温至第五温度，并于第五温度下恒温2～10小时；其中，第一温度小于40℃，第二温度为60～90℃，第三温度为100～150℃，第四温度为150～180℃，第五温度为180～215℃。 【EN】The invention relates to a reduction method of a catalyst for producing ethylene glycol by hydrogenating oxalate. The method comprises the following steps: in the presence of reducing gas, carrying out reduction reaction on the catalyst under the condition of temperature programming; the temperature programming conditions are as follows: the first stage is as follows: heating from the first temperature to a second temperature at a heating rate of not more than 20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature at the second temperature for 2-10 hours; and a second stage: heating from the second temperature to a third temperature at a heating rate of not more than 5 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature at the third temperature for 2-20 hours; and a third stage: heating from the third temperature to a fourth temperature at a heating rate of not more than 10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature at the fourth temperature for 2-20 hours; a fourth stage: heating from the fourth temperature to a fifth temperature at a heating rate of not more than 20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature at the fifth temperature for 2-10 hours; wherein the first temperature is less than 40 ℃, the second temperature is 60-90 ℃, the third temperature is 100-150 ℃, the fourth temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the fifth temperature is 180-215 ℃.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及一种售电侧电力数据辅助管理方法及系统，首先接收用户请求，所述用户请求包括第一用户信息、电量异常信息以及采集周期信息；然后根据所述第一用户信息以及采集周期信息，统计预定采集次数下的电力数据缺失信息、电力数据缺失区间信息；接着根据所述电力数据缺失信息、电力数据缺失区间信息以及所述采集次数，获取相应的售电侧电力数据整体缺失度信息；最后上传所述售电侧电力数据整体缺失度信息。本发明能保证科学、客观、有效地评价电力数据缺失严重情况。 【EN】The invention relates to an auxiliary management method and system for power data of a power selling side, which comprises the steps of firstly receiving a user request, wherein the user request comprises first user information, abnormal electric quantity information and acquisition cycle information; then, according to the first user information and the acquisition cycle information, power data missing information and power data missing interval information under the preset acquisition times are counted; acquiring corresponding power data integral loss degree information of the power selling side according to the power data loss information, the power data loss interval information and the acquisition times; and finally, uploading the whole missing degree information of the power data of the power selling side. The method can ensure scientific, objective and effective evaluation of the serious condition of the power data loss.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了快速排除桥梁伸缩缝处沥青铺装层内积水结构及施工方法，桥面铺装层包括上层的沥青铺装层和下层的混凝土铺装层，位于桥梁的伸缩缝填充混凝土与桥面铺装层交界处、伸缩缝填充混凝土中沿桥梁横向安装渗水方管，渗水方管固定在支架上，支架固定在混凝土铺装层的侧壁上，渗水方管贴靠沥青铺装层的渗水面开设渗水孔，渗水方管的顶面设有疏通孔，疏通孔与上方桥面的疏通阀门连通，渗水方管两端与桥梁两侧缘石内测的泄水漏斗连通，泄水漏斗底端与桥面纵向排水系统的排水管连通。本发明彻底改变了排水装置预埋位置与施工工序，克服了传统排水装置的缺陷，显著提高排水效果。 【EN】The invention discloses a structure and a construction method for quickly removing accumulated water in an asphalt pavement layer at a bridge expansion joint, wherein the bridge pavement layer comprises an upper asphalt pavement layer and a lower concrete pavement layer, a water seepage square pipe is arranged at the junction of expansion joint filling concrete and the bridge pavement layer and in the expansion joint filling concrete along the transverse direction of a bridge, the water seepage square pipe is fixed on a support, the support is fixed on the side wall of the concrete pavement layer, the water seepage square pipe is provided with water seepage holes along the water seepage surface attached to the asphalt pavement layer, the top surface of the water seepage square pipe is provided with a dredging hole, the dredging hole is communicated with a dredging valve of the bridge deck above, the two ends of the water seepage square pipe are communicated with water discharge funnels arranged in kerbs at the two sides of the bridge, and the bottom ends of the. The invention thoroughly changes the pre-buried position and the construction process of the drainage device, overcomes the defects of the traditional drainage device and obviously improves the drainage effect.