摘要：【中文】冰水堆积体的隧道施工方法，包括以下步骤：（1）超前支护施工；（2）确定隧道开挖顺序；（3）开挖隧道最上一级台阶；（4）最上一级台阶的初期支护；（5）拱脚固定；（6）复喷第二混凝土层；（7）重复步骤（4）‑（6），完成下一级台阶的开挖和初级支护施工；（8）重复步骤（7），直到完成最下一级台阶的开挖和初级支护施工；（9）仰拱施工；（10）仰拱之上的二衬施工。本发明的方法保证了围岩的稳定性，确保隧道施工安全有效，并且在确保安全和质量的前提下，可大大节约成本，提高施工进度。 【EN】The tunnel construction method of the ice water accumulation body comprises the following steps: (1) constructing an advance support; (2) determining the tunnel excavation sequence; (3) excavating the uppermost step of the tunnel; (4) primary support of the uppermost step; (5) fixing the arch springing; (6) spraying a second concrete layer again; (7) repeating the steps (4) to (6) to finish the excavation and primary support construction of the next step; (8) repeating the step (7) until the excavation of the lowest step and the primary support construction are completed; (9) constructing an inverted arch; (10) and (5) constructing a second liner above the inverted arch. The method ensures the stability of the surrounding rock, ensures the safety and the effectiveness of tunnel construction, greatly saves the cost and improves the construction progress on the premise of ensuring the safety and the quality.

摘要：【中文】本发明提供了一种隧道衬砌检测避障装置，属于隧道检测设备领域。本发明所涉及的隧道衬砌检测避障装置在工作时不仅能够进行有效的避障，还能通过对隧道衬砌表面及时清扫以提高装置的检测质量，另外能够使得检测信息的实时传输，大大提高检测工作效率。适用于隧道检测以及养护领域。 【EN】The invention provides a tunnel lining detection obstacle avoidance device, and belongs to the field of tunnel detection equipment. The tunnel lining detection obstacle avoidance device can not only effectively avoid obstacles during working, but also improve the detection quality of the device by timely cleaning the surface of the tunnel lining, and can also transmit detection information in real time, thereby greatly improving the detection working efficiency. The tunnel maintenance method is suitable for the field of tunnel detection and maintenance.

摘要：【中文】本发明提供了一种隧道衬砌检测清扫装置，属于隧道检测设备领域。本发明所涉及的隧道衬砌检测清扫装置在工作时不仅能够进行有效的避障，还能通过对隧道衬砌表面及时清扫以提高装置的检测质量，另外能够使得检测信息的实时传输，大大提高检测工作效率。适用于隧道检测以及养护领域。 【EN】The invention provides a tunnel lining detection and cleaning device, and belongs to the field of tunnel detection equipment. The tunnel lining detection and cleaning device can not only effectively avoid obstacles during working, but also improve the detection quality of the device by cleaning the surface of the tunnel lining in time, and can also transmit detection information in real time, thereby greatly improving the detection working efficiency. The tunnel maintenance method is suitable for the field of tunnel detection and maintenance.

摘要：【中文】本发明提供一种用于用电信息采集系统的RS485通信适配器及控制方法，属于通信领域，包括电源模块、单片机和至少3个MAX485通信芯片，MAX485通信芯片分为主从等级，单片机采用自由总线令牌机制控制MAX485通信芯片实现有序收发数据状态以及收发状态切换；在MAX485通信芯片进入发送状态时，由单片机进行隔离计时，避免出现发送节点故障，一直霸占信道的情况出现；并且在主MAX485接收TTL电平为“1”时，通过上拉电阻R7、下拉R8的共同作用，使总线保持高电平输出状态，达到了发送“1”的效果。 【EN】The invention provides an RS485 communication adapter for a power consumption information acquisition system and a control method, belonging to the field of communication, and comprising a power module, a singlechip and at least 3 MAX485 communication chips, wherein the MAX485 communication chips are divided into master and slave grades, and the singlechip controls the MAX485 communication chips to realize the ordered data receiving and transmitting state and the switching of the receiving and transmitting state by adopting a free bus token mechanism; when the MAX485 communication chip enters a sending state, the singlechip carries out isolation timing, so that the condition that a sending node is in fault and always occupies a channel is avoided; when the receiving TTL level of the main MAX485 is 1, the bus is kept in a high-level output state through the combined action of the pull-up resistor R7 and the pull-down resistor R8, and the effect of sending 1 is achieved.