摘要：【中文】本发明涉及铝基复合材料，特指一种高强韧高中子吸收铝基复合材料的制备方法和装置。本发明将高中子吸收、高稳定的微米级B₄C外加增强体与高中子捕获能力的含B、Cd、Hf元素的原位纳米增强体相结合，利用微米增强体的大截面积实现对中子的高效吸收、借助高度弥散的原位纳米增强体实现对透过微米增强体间隙射线的有效捕获，并通过纳米增强体的高弥散强韧化作用、显著提高复合材料强韧性，获得高强韧高中子吸收的颗粒增强体铝基复合材料。 【EN】The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a preparation method and a device of a high-toughness high-neutron absorption aluminum-based composite material. The invention absorbs high neutron and has high stability micron-sized B₄The C external reinforcement is combined with an in-situ nano reinforcement containing B, Cd and Hf elements with high neutron capture capacity, the high-efficiency absorption of neutrons is realized by utilizing the large sectional area of the micron reinforcement, the effective capture of rays penetrating through gaps of the micron reinforcement is realized by virtue of the in-situ nano reinforcement with high dispersion, and the toughness of the composite material is remarkably improved by virtue of the high dispersion toughness action of the nano reinforcement, so that the particle reinforcement aluminum-based composite material with high toughness and high neutron absorption is obtained.