摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种用于海水电池的正极，正极为金属材料制备，包括基体金属、设于基体金属表面的过渡层金属层及设于过渡层金属层表面的低析氢过电位金属层，过渡层金属层的析氢过电位小于基体金属的析氢过电位且大于低析氢过电位金属层的析氢过电位。本发明的用于海水电池的正极不需要氧气就能工作，且具有续航时间长、成本低、安全无污染、高比能量的优点。另，本发明还提供了一种海水电池及其制备方法。 【EN】The invention discloses a positive electrode for a seawater battery, which is prepared from a metal material and comprises a base metal, a transition layer metal layer arranged on the surface of the base metal and a low hydrogen evolution overpotential metal layer arranged on the surface of the transition layer metal layer, wherein the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the transition layer metal layer is less than that of the base metal and is more than that of the low hydrogen evolution overpotential metal layer. The anode for the seawater battery can work without oxygen, and has the advantages of long endurance time, low cost, safety, no pollution and high specific energy. In addition, the invention also provides a seawater battery and a preparation method thereof.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种基于Hyperledger Fabric的机动车违章管理方法，主要解决了现有技术中存在的违规交易等违法行为引发难以杜绝的问题。该方法包括构建具有两层体系结构的系统，用户使用Node.js服务器提供的Web服务；基于Hyperledger fabric开发框架，构建机动车违章管理系统的网络层；基于Node.js搭建用户交互界面的前端web服务，Web服务向Hyperledger Fabric结构进行调用，以获取区块链的详细信息，并与链码进行交互，同时用户在客户端中进行实名注册后登录系统。通过上述方案，本发明达到了避免中心化数据库导致的单点故障，利用智能合约杜绝违规交易现象目的，具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。 【EN】The invention discloses a motor vehicle violation management method based on Hyperridge Fabric, which mainly solves the problem that illegal behaviors such as illegal transactions are difficult to stop in the prior art. The method comprises the steps that a system with a two-layer system structure is built, and a user uses Web service provided by a node.js server; constructing a network layer of the motor vehicle violation management system based on a Hyperridge fabric development framework; and (2) building a front-end Web service of a user interaction interface based on node.js, calling the HyperLegend structure by the Web service to acquire detailed information of the block chain, interacting with the chain code, and logging in the system after the user registers the real name in the client. Through the scheme, the invention achieves the purposes of avoiding single-point faults caused by centralized databases and utilizing intelligent contracts to avoid illegal transactions, and has very high practical value and popularization value.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种基于区块链的学生成绩管理方法，主要解决了现有技术中存在的成绩隐私保护和成绩造假的问题。该方法包括通过使用椭圆曲线加密算法，各位用户在密钥生成中心获取自己的公钥与私钥；通过PKI证书服务，学校将每位用户的公钥与用户的身份进行绑定并发放证书；教师用户通过使用自己的私钥将学生成绩上传到教务管理中心，同时教务管理中心教务管理者将学生成绩进行上链处理以达到保护隐私的目的；学生用户通过椭圆曲线数字签名发送查询请求，区块链网络节点验证签名返回该学生用户的成绩，学生用户使用私钥解密信息以获取成绩。通过上述方案，本发明达到了保护成绩不被泄露、防止篡改的目的，具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。 【EN】The invention discloses a student score management method based on a block chain, which mainly solves the problems of score privacy protection and score counterfeiting in the prior art. The method comprises the steps that through the use of an elliptic curve encryption algorithm, each user obtains a public key and a private key of the user at a key generation center; through PKI certificate service, schools bind the public key of each user with the identity of the user and send out certificates; the teacher user uploads the student scores to the educational administration management center by using a private key of the teacher user, and the educational administration management center performs uplink processing on the student scores by an educational administration manager so as to achieve the purpose of protecting privacy; the student user sends a query request through the elliptic curve digital signature, the block chain network node verifies the signature and returns the score of the student user, and the student user decrypts information by using the private key to obtain the score. Through the scheme, the invention achieves the purposes of protecting the score from being revealed and preventing falsification, and has very high practical value and popularization value.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开了一种对传统PBFT进行改进的共识算法，主要解决现有技术中存在的传统的PBFT算法的主节点在通信复杂度增加时，易出现宕机或者出错的问题。该方法包括(S1)取消传统PBFT算法中所包含的主节点，使得改进后的PBFT算法中的所有节点身份对等；(S2)增加排序服务，客户端将请求发送给排序服务；(S3)排序服务将排好序的请求发送给副本节点；(S4)副本节点对请求进行操作，并将操作结果返回给客户端；(S5)客户端收到来自f+1个不同副本节点的相同回复后，将回复作为对应请求的结果。通过上述方案，本发明达到了自由订阅或退出的目的，具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。 【EN】The invention discloses a consensus algorithm for improving a traditional PBFT (basic capability Fourier transform), which mainly solves the problem that a master node of the traditional PBFT algorithm in the prior art is easy to crash or make errors when the communication complexity is increased. The method comprises (S1) revoking a master node comprised in the conventional PBFT algorithm, such that all node identities in the improved PBFT algorithm are peered; (S2) adding a ranking service to which the client sends a request; (S3) the ordering service sending the ordered request to the replica node; (S4) the replica node operates the request and returns the operation result to the client; (S5) the client receives the same reply from the f +1 different replica nodes, and then takes the reply as a result of the corresponding request. Through the scheme, the invention achieves the purpose of free subscription or quit, and has very high practical value and popularization value.