摘要：【中文】一种基于功能近红外的大脑言语活动信号采集与解码方法：通过近红外采集帽循环采集受试者听任务、说任务和想象说任务过程各通道的近红外光透射光强信号；分别将各通道的近红外光透射光强信号转换为血红蛋白浓度信号；分别获取各通道的血红蛋白浓度信号中的氧合血红蛋白浓度信号的线性回归斜率，作为脑信号特征；设计言语状态分类模型；重复上述过程得到新的听任务、说任务以及想象说任务的脑信号特征；利用言语状态分类模型离线或在线对新的听任务、说任务以及想象说任务的脑信号特征进行分类。本发明拥有较高的空间分辨率，能更好针对言语相关脑区进行解码；可无创测量脑活动信号；受运动伪迹影响较小，且解码过程更为简单；可进一步增加解码准确率。 【EN】A brain speech activity signal acquisition and decoding method based on functional near infrared comprises the following steps: circularly collecting near infrared light transmission light intensity signals of each channel in the processes of listening, speaking and imagining to speak of a task by a subject through a near infrared collecting cap; respectively converting the near infrared light transmission light intensity signals of all channels into hemoglobin concentration signals; respectively obtaining the linear regression slope of the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration signal in the hemoglobin concentration signals of each channel as the brain signal characteristics; designing a speech state classification model; repeating the above process to obtain new brain signal characteristics of listening task, speaking task and imagination and speaking task; and classifying the brain signal characteristics of the new listening task, the speaking task and the imagination speaking task off-line or on-line by utilizing the speech state classification model. The invention has higher spatial resolution, and can better decode relative brain areas of the speech; brain activity signals can be measured non-invasively; the influence of motion artifacts is small, and the decoding process is simpler; decoding accuracy can be further increased.