摘要：【中文】本发明公开一种基于烟碱定量转化率和基因表达筛选朱砂烟种子的方法，包括从朱砂烟种子库中选种育苗；出苗到生长30～40d且长至30～40cm高后选底部第2至第4片状态良好烟叶取样；将取样置于乙烯利+脱落酸混合溶液中浸润后打孔，将打孔后剩余烟叶干燥至表面无水分；将无水分烟叶烘干至恒重；用化学分析烟叶的烟碱和降烟碱含量，计算烟碱转化率；检测打孔烟叶CYP82E4基因表达；根据烟碱转化率和CYP82E4基因表达，筛选出符合烟碱定量转化率的烟株培植，同时去掉转化率不符烟株；将筛选出的烟株套袋至成熟留种，即得到烟碱定量转化率的朱砂烟种子。本发明具有稳定可靠、筛选速度快、准确率高、种子烟碱转化率可控等特点。 【EN】The invention discloses a method for screening cinnabar tobacco seeds based on nicotine quantitative conversion rate and gene expression, which comprises the steps of selecting seeds from a cinnabar tobacco seed bank and growing seedlings; selecting good tobacco leaves in the sheet states from the No. 2 to the No. 4 at the bottom for sampling after the seedlings emerge and grow for 30-40 days and grow to the height of 30-40 cm; placing the sample in a ethephon + abscisic acid mixed solution for soaking, then punching, and drying the residual tobacco leaves after punching until the surface is free of moisture; drying the moisture-free tobacco leaves to constant weight; chemically analyzing the nicotine and nicotine reducing content of the tobacco leaves, and calculating the nicotine conversion rate; detecting punched tobacco leavesCYP82E4Gene expression; according to the nicotine conversion rate andCYP82E4gene expression, screening out tobacco plants which accord with the nicotine quantitative conversion rate for cultivation, and removing tobacco plants with the conversion rate which does not accord with the nicotine quantitative conversion rate; bagging the screened tobacco plants until the tobacco plants are mature and reserved, and obtaining the nicotine quantitative conversion rateCinnabaris seed of Nicotiana cinnabarina. The method has the characteristics of stability, reliability, high screening speed, high accuracy, controllable seed nicotine conversion rate and the like.

摘要：【中文】本发明涉及提高烟叶烘烤质量的低能耗精准烘烤方法及系统，属烟叶调制领域。其方法为：在常规的密集烤房的基础上，设置空气除湿装置、空气加热装置、控制系统，利用空气除湿装置及空气加热装置分别对密集烤房的回风进行除湿及加热；将密集烤房划分为若干个区，每个区分别布置变风量空气混合阀及送风口；除湿及加热后的空气通过风管分别送入各个区的变风量空气混合阀的入口；控制子系统实时调节各个变风量空气混合阀的混合比例及风量，以提高烟叶烘烤质量，并降低能耗。采用该种方法的烟叶密集烘烤系统包括空气除湿装置、空气加热装置、变风量空气混合阀、控制系统。与常规的烟叶密集烘烤系统相比，该种系统具有精准、节能、提质、高效之优点。 【EN】The invention relates to a low-energy-consumption accurate baking method and a low-energy-consumption accurate baking system for improving the baking quality of tobacco leaves, and belongs to the field of tobacco leaf modulation. The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of a conventional bulk curing barn, an air dehumidifying device, an air heating device and a control system are arranged, and return air of the bulk curing barn is dehumidified and heated by the air dehumidifying device and the air heating device respectively; dividing the bulk curing barn into a plurality of areas, wherein each area is respectively provided with a variable air volume air mixing valve and an air supply outlet; the dehumidified and heated air is respectively sent to the inlets of the variable air volume air mixing valves of each zone through air pipes; the control subsystem adjusts the mixing proportion and the air quantity of each variable air quantity air mixing valve in real time so as to improve the tobacco leaf baking quality and reduce the energy consumption. The tobacco leaf intensive curing system adopting the method comprises an air dehumidifying device, an air heating device, a variable air volume air mixing valve and a control system. Compared with the conventional tobacco leaf intensive curing system, the system has the advantages of accuracy, energy conservation, quality improvement and high efficiency.

摘要：【中文】本发明公开一种基于磷酸二氢钾和蔗糖以缓解冷害的烤烟栽培管理及烘烤方法。所述管理方法是鉴定冷害烟株；喷施按轻度0.1～0.125wt%磷酸二氢钾及0.3～0.375wt%蔗糖；中度0.15～0.2wt%磷酸二氢钾及0.45～0.8wt%蔗糖；重度0.3～0.4wt%磷酸二氢钾及0.9～1.2wt%蔗糖；喷施后2～3d对烟株再鉴定；喷施按轻度0.08～0.115wt%磷酸二氢钾及0.24～0.345wt%蔗糖；中度0.125～0.18wt%磷酸二氢钾及0.375～0.54wt%蔗糖。所述烘烤方法包括变黄、定色、干筋步骤。本发明能够有效缓解冷害对烟叶的伤害，显著提高烤后烟叶等级，能够增加烟农收入。 【EN】The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco cultivation management and baking method for relieving cold damage based on monopotassium phosphate and sucrose. The management method is to identify the cold damage tobacco plant; spraying 0.1-0.125 wt% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3-0.375 wt% of cane sugar according to the light degree; medium potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15-0.2 wt% and sucrose 0.45-0.8 wt%; 0.3 to 0.4wt% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.9 to 1.2wt% of sucrose; re-identifying the tobacco plants 2-3 days after spraying; spraying 0.08-0.115 wt% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.24-0.345 wt% of cane sugar according to the light degree; medium potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.125-0.18 wt% and sucrose 0.375-0.54 wt%. The baking method comprises the steps of yellowing, fixing color and drying tendon. The method can effectively relieve the damage of cold damage to the tobacco leaves, remarkably improve the grade of the cured tobacco leaves and increase the income of tobacco growers.